Essential Git Commands

Here’s a list of commonly used Git commands, categorized for convenience:

1. Setup and Configuration

• Check Git Version:

  git --version

• Configure Username:

  git config --global user.name "Your Name"

• Configure Email:

  git config --global user.email "[email protected]"

• View Configuration:

  git config --list

2. Repository Management

• Initialize a Repository:

  git init

• Clone a Repository:

  git clone <repository-url>

• View Repository Status:

  git status

3. Working with Files

• Add Files to Staging Area:

  git add <file>   # Add a specific file
  git add .        # Add all changes in the current directory

• Commit Changes:

  git commit -m "Your commit message"

• Remove Files:

  git rm <file>

• Move/Rename Files:

  git mv <old_filename> <new_filename>

4. Branching and Merging

• Create a New Branch:

  git branch <branch-name>

• Switch to a Branch:

  git checkout <branch-name>

• Create and Switch to a New Branch:

  git checkout -b <branch-name>

• Merge a Branch:

  git merge <branch-name>

• Delete a Branch:

  git branch -d <branch-name>

5. Remote Repositories

• Add a Remote Repository:

  git remote add origin <repository-url>

• View Remote Repositories:

  git remote -v

• Push Changes to Remote Repository:

  git push origin <branch-name>

• Pull Changes from Remote Repository:

  git pull origin <branch-name>

• Fetch Changes from Remote:

  git fetch

6. Viewing and Inspecting

• View Commit History:

  git log

• View a Specific Commit:

  git show <commit-hash>

• View Changes in Files:

  git diff

• View Changes in Staged Files:

  git diff --staged

• List Branches:

  git branch

7. Undo Changes

• Unstage Files:

  git reset <file>

• Undo Last Commit (Keep Changes):

  git reset --soft HEAD~1

• Undo Last Commit (Discard Changes):

  git reset --hard HEAD~1

• Discard Unstaged Changes:

  git checkout -- <file>

8. Stashing

• Save Changes Temporarily:

  git stash

• Apply Stashed Changes:

  git stash apply

• List Stashes:

  git stash list

• Drop a Stash:

  git stash drop

9. Tags

• Create a Tag:

  git tag <tag-name>

• List Tags:

  git tag

• Push Tags to Remote:

  git push origin <tag-name>

10. Collaboration

• Rebase:

  git rebase <branch-name>

• Cherry-pick a Commit:

  git cherry-pick <commit-hash>

• Resolve Merge Conflicts:

  • Edit conflicting files manually.
  • Stage resolved files:

  git add <file>
  

  • Complete the merge:

  git commit
  

These commands cover most Git functionalities for beginners and intermediate users. If you need clarification or advanced commands, feel free to ask! 😊