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.Net tarixi

Published at
1/9/2025
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sanjar777
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.Net tarixi

1. Dastlabki bosqichlar (1990-yillar):
• 1990-yillarning oxirida Microsoft zamonaviy, boshqariladigan dasturlash platformasiga ehtiyoj borligini anglab yetdi. Bu platforma dasturiy ta’minot ishonchliligini oshirish va dasturchilarning ishini soddalashtirish uchun kerak edi.
• Shu sababli, dastlab Next Generation Windows Services (NGWS) deb nomlangan .NET Framework ishlab chiqildi.

2. .NET Framework 1.0 (2002):
2002-yil fevralida chiqarilgan birinchi versiya Common Language Runtime (CLR) deb ataluvchi boshqariladigan ish vaqti muhiti va yagona dasturlash modelini taqdim etdi.
• Asosiy komponentlar:
• C#, VB.NET va C++/CLI kabi bir nechta dasturlash tillarini qo’llab-quvvatlash.
• Fayllar bilan ishlash, XML va tarmoqlanish kabi umumiy funktsiyalarni ta’minlovchi Base Class Library (BCL).
ASP.NET yordamida dinamik veb-ilovalarni ishlab chiqish imkoniyati.

3. .NET Framework 2.0 (2005):
Generics kabi kodni qayta ishlatish va tip xavfsizligini yaxshilaydigan muhim qo’shimchalarni joriy qildi.
Nullable Types, Common Type System (CTS) va boshqa xususiyatlarni qo’shdi.
Visual Studio 2005 bilan birga chiqarildi.

4. .NET Framework 3.0 (2006):
• Boy dasturlar yaratish uchun yangi texnologiyalarni o’z ichiga oldi:
Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF): Kengaytirilgan UI ishlab chiqish uchun.
Windows Communication Foundation (WCF): Servisga asoslangan dasturlar uchun.
Windows Workflow Foundation (WF): Ish jarayonlari asosidagi dasturlar uchun.
Windows CardSpace: Identifikatsiyani boshqarish uchun.

5. .NET Framework 3.5 (2007):
Language Integrated Query (LINQ) ni taqdim etdi, bu SQL-ga o’xshash so’rovlarni bevosita C# va VB.NET-da amalga oshirish imkonini berdi.
ASP.NET AJAX bilan veb-texnologiyalar uchun qo‘llab-quvvatlashni yaxshiladi.
Entity Framework (EF) ni joriy qildi, bu ob’ekt-relyatsion mapping uchun mo’ljallangan.

6. .NET Framework 4.x (2010–2019):
• 4.0 versiyasi Parallel LINQ (PLINQ) va Task Parallel Library (TPL) ni joriy qildi, bu ko’p oqimli dasturlashni yaxshiladi.
• 4.5 versiyasi (2012) asinxron dasturlash uchun async/await funksiyasini taqdim etdi.
• Vaqt o’tishi bilan yangilanishlar unumdorlikni oshirish, xavfsizlikni ta’minlash va zamonaviy veb-dasturlarni qo’llab-quvvatlashga qaratildi.

7. Ochiq manba va ko‘p platformali qo‘llab-quvvatlashga o‘tish (.NET Core):
• Microsoft 2016-yilda .NET Core ni joriy qildi. Bu ko‘p platformali qo‘llab-quvvatlashni ta’minlovchi, yengil va modulli ochiq manba kodli platformadir.
.NET Core Windows, macOS va Linux tizimlarini qo‘llab-quvvatlaydi.

8. .NET 5 va undan keyin (2020–hozirgi vaqt):
2020-yilda, Microsoft .NET Framework, .NET Core va Xamarin-ni birlashtirib, .NET 5 ni taqdim etdi.
.NET 6 (2021) uzoq muddatli qo‘llab-quvvatlash (LTS) va yanada yuqori unumdorlikni ta’minladi.
.NET 7 (2022) bulutli, IoT va sun’iy intellektga asoslangan dasturlar uchun yangi imkoniyatlarni qo‘shdi.

Muhim bosqichlar:
2000-yil: Professional Developers Conference (PDC) da .NET e’lon qilindi.
2002-yil: .NET Framework 1.0 birinchi versiyasi chiqarildi.
2016-yil: .NET Core 1.0 chiqarilishi.
2020-yil: .NET 5 ga o’tish.
Hozirgi vaqt: .NET 7 va .NET 8 bilan ishlash, samaradorlik va yangi dasturlash yondashuvlari ustida ishlash davom etmoqda.

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