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.Net tarixi

Published at
1/9/2025
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sanjar777
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.Net tarixi

1. Dastlabki bosqichlar (1990-yillar):
• 1990-yillarning oxirida Microsoft zamonaviy, boshqariladigan dasturlash platformasiga ehtiyoj borligini anglab yetdi. Bu platforma dasturiy ta’minot ishonchliligini oshirish va dasturchilarning ishini soddalashtirish uchun kerak edi.
• Shu sababli, dastlab Next Generation Windows Services (NGWS) deb nomlangan .NET Framework ishlab chiqildi.

2. .NET Framework 1.0 (2002):
• 2002-yil fevralida chiqarilgan birinchi versiya Common Language Runtime (CLR) deb ataluvchi boshqariladigan ish vaqti muhiti va yagona dasturlash modelini taqdim etdi.
• Asosiy komponentlar:
• C#, VB.NET va C++/CLI kabi bir nechta dasturlash tillarini qo’llab-quvvatlash.
• Fayllar bilan ishlash, XML va tarmoqlanish kabi umumiy funktsiyalarni ta’minlovchi Base Class Library (BCL).
• ASP.NET yordamida dinamik veb-ilovalarni ishlab chiqish imkoniyati.

3. .NET Framework 2.0 (2005):
• Generics kabi kodni qayta ishlatish va tip xavfsizligini yaxshilaydigan muhim qo’shimchalarni joriy qildi.
• Nullable Types, Common Type System (CTS) va boshqa xususiyatlarni qo’shdi.
• Visual Studio 2005 bilan birga chiqarildi.

4. .NET Framework 3.0 (2006):
• Boy dasturlar yaratish uchun yangi texnologiyalarni o’z ichiga oldi:
• Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF): Kengaytirilgan UI ishlab chiqish uchun.
• Windows Communication Foundation (WCF): Servisga asoslangan dasturlar uchun.
• Windows Workflow Foundation (WF): Ish jarayonlari asosidagi dasturlar uchun.
• Windows CardSpace: Identifikatsiyani boshqarish uchun.

5. .NET Framework 3.5 (2007):
• Language Integrated Query (LINQ) ni taqdim etdi, bu SQL-ga o’xshash so’rovlarni bevosita C# va VB.NET-da amalga oshirish imkonini berdi.
• ASP.NET AJAX bilan veb-texnologiyalar uchun qo‘llab-quvvatlashni yaxshiladi.
• Entity Framework (EF) ni joriy qildi, bu ob’ekt-relyatsion mapping uchun mo’ljallangan.

6. .NET Framework 4.x (2010–2019):
• 4.0 versiyasi Parallel LINQ (PLINQ) va Task Parallel Library (TPL) ni joriy qildi, bu ko’p oqimli dasturlashni yaxshiladi.
• 4.5 versiyasi (2012) asinxron dasturlash uchun async/await funksiyasini taqdim etdi.
• Vaqt o’tishi bilan yangilanishlar unumdorlikni oshirish, xavfsizlikni ta’minlash va zamonaviy veb-dasturlarni qo’llab-quvvatlashga qaratildi.

7. Ochiq manba va ko‘p platformali qo‘llab-quvvatlashga o‘tish (.NET Core):
• Microsoft 2016-yilda .NET Core ni joriy qildi. Bu ko‘p platformali qo‘llab-quvvatlashni ta’minlovchi, yengil va modulli ochiq manba kodli platformadir.
• .NET Core Windows, macOS va Linux tizimlarini qo‘llab-quvvatlaydi.

8. .NET 5 va undan keyin (2020–hozirgi vaqt):
• 2020-yilda, Microsoft .NET Framework, .NET Core va Xamarin-ni birlashtirib, .NET 5 ni taqdim etdi.
• .NET 6 (2021) uzoq muddatli qo‘llab-quvvatlash (LTS) va yanada yuqori unumdorlikni ta’minladi.
• .NET 7 (2022) bulutli, IoT va sun’iy intellektga asoslangan dasturlar uchun yangi imkoniyatlarni qo‘shdi.

Muhim bosqichlar:
• 2000-yil: Professional Developers Conference (PDC) da .NET e’lon qilindi.
• 2002-yil: .NET Framework 1.0 birinchi versiyasi chiqarildi.
• 2016-yil: .NET Core 1.0 chiqarilishi.
• 2020-yil: .NET 5 ga o’tish.
• Hozirgi vaqt: .NET 7 va .NET 8 bilan ishlash, samaradorlik va yangi dasturlash yondashuvlari ustida ishlash davom etmoqda.

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