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How to Convert ASCII to Binary

Published at
9/19/2023
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How to Convert ASCII to Binary

Converting ASCII to binary is a common task in computer programming. ASCII is a character encoding standard that assigns a unique number to each character. Binary, on the other hand, is a base-2 number system that uses only two digits, 0 and 1. Converting ASCII to binary involves converting each character to its corresponding binary value.

Conversion

Here's a step-by-step guide on how to convert ASCII to binary:

  1. Choose the ASCII character you want to convert to binary.
  2. Convert the ASCII character to its decimal value using an ASCII table.
  3. Convert the decimal value to binary using the division-by-2 method.
  4. Pad the binary value with leading zeros to make it 8 bits long (if necessary).

Example

Let's walk through an example to illustrate the process. Suppose we want to convert the ASCII character 'A' to binary.

  1. The ASCII value of 'A' is 65.
  2. To convert 65 to binary, we use the division-by-2 method. We divide 65 by 2 and get a quotient of 32 with a remainder of 1. We write down the remainder (1) as the least significant bit of the binary value. We then divide 32 by 2 and get a quotient of 16 with a remainder of 0. We write down the remainder (0) as the next bit of the binary value. We continue this process until we have 8 bits. The binary value of 65 is 01000001.
  3. Since the binary value we obtained in step 2 is already 8 bits long, we don't need to pad it with leading zeros.
Quotient Remainder Binary Value
65/2=3265/2=32 1 1
32/2=1632/2=16 0 01
16/2=816/2=8 0 001
8/2=48/2=4 0 0001
4/2=24/2=2 0 00001
2/2=12/2=1 0 000001
1/2=01/2=0 1 1000001

ASCII-Binary Table

Here's a table of the ASCII characters and their corresponding binary values:

Character Description Decimal Binary
0 Zero 48 00110000
1 One 49 00110001
2 Two 50 00110010
3 Three 51 00110011
4 Four 52 00110100
5 Five 53 00110101
6 Six 54 00110110
7 Seven 55 00110111
8 Eight 56 00111000
9 Nine 57 00111001
A Capital A 65 01000001
B Capital B 66 01000010
C Capital C 67 01000011
D Capital D 68 01000100
E Capital E 69 01000101
F Capital F 70 01000110
G Capital G 71 01000111
H Capital H 72 01001000
I Capital I 73 01001001
J Capital J 74 01001010
K Capital K 75 01001011
L Capital L 76 01001100
M Capital M 77 01001101
N Capital N 78 01001110
O Capital O 79 01001111
P Capital P 80 01010000
Q Capital Q 81 01010001
R Capital R 82 01010010
S Capital S 83 01010011
T Capital T 84 01010100
U Capital U 85 01010101
V Capital V 86 01010110
W Capital W 87 01010111
X Capital X 88 01011000
Y Capital Y 89 01011001
Z Capital Z 90 01011010
a Small a 97 01100001
b Small b 98 01100010
c Small c 99 01100011
d Small d 100 01100100
e Small e 101 01100101
f Small f 102 01100110
g Small g 103 01100111
h Small h 104 01101000
i Small i 105 01101001
j Small j 106 01101010
k Small k 107 01101011
l Small l 108 01101100
m Small m 109 01101101
n Small n 110 01101110
o Small o 111 01101111
p Small p 112 01110000
q Small q 113 01110001
r Small r 114 01110010
s Small s 115 01110011
t Small t 116 01110100
u Small u 117 01110101
v Small v 118 01110110
w Small w 119 01110111
x Small x 120 01111000
y Small y 121 01111001
z Small z 122 01111010

See full ascii table here.

Sample Code

This code requires @ilihub/code npm package to run.

import { AsciiToBinary } from "@ilihub/code";

const ascii = "Hello World";

const binary = AsciiToBinary(ascii);
console.log(binary);

// Output
// 0100 1000 0110 0101 0110 1100 0110 1100 0110 1111 0010
// 0000 0101 0111 0110 1111 0111 0010 0110 1100 0110 0100
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