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Integrando Múltiples APIs de Blog en un Sitio Astro: Dev.to y Hashnode

Published at

12/6/2024

El Desafío

El principal reto era:

Obtener posts de dos APIs diferentes
Unificar el formato de los datos
Ordenarlos cronológicamente
Manejar errores y rate limiting
Tipado seguro con TypeScript

Configuración Inicial

Primero, definimos las interfaces para tipar nuestros datos:

interface BlogPost {
  title: string;
  brief: string;
  slug: string;
  dateAdded: string;
  rawDate: string;
  coverImage: string;
  url: string;
  source: string;
}

interface HashnodeEdge {
  node: {
    title: string;
    brief: string;
    slug: string;
    dateAdded: string;
    coverImage?: {
      url: string;
    };
    url: string;
  };
}

Integrando Dev.to

La API de Dev.to es RESTful y bastante directa. Aquí está cómo la implementé:

async function getDevToPosts() {
  try {
    const params = new URLSearchParams({
      username: 'tuUsuario',
      per_page: '20',
      state: 'all',
      sort: 'published_at',
      order: 'desc'
    });

    const headers = {
      'Accept': 'application/vnd.forem.api-v1+json'
    };

    // Agregar API key si está disponible
    if (import.meta.env.DEV_TO_API_KEY) {
      headers['api-key'] = import.meta.env.DEV_TO_API_KEY;
    }

    const response = await fetch(`https://dev.to/api/articles?${params}`, { headers });

    if (!response.ok) {
      throw new Error(`HTTP ${response.status}`);
    }

    const posts = await response.json();

    return posts.map((post: any) => ({
      title: post.title,
      brief: post.description,
      slug: post.slug,
      dateAdded: formatDate(post.published_timestamp),
      rawDate: post.published_timestamp,
      coverImage: post.cover_image || '/images/default-post.png',
      url: post.url,
      source: 'devto'
    }));
  } catch (error) {
    console.error('Error al obtener posts de Dev.to:', error);
    return [];
  }
}

Integrando Hashnode

Hashnode usa GraphQL, lo que requiere un enfoque ligeramente diferente:

async function getHashnodePosts() {
  try {
    const query = `
      query {
        publication(host: "tuBlog.hashnode.dev") {
          posts(first: 20) {
            edges {
              node {
                title
                brief
                slug
                dateAdded: publishedAt
                coverImage {
                  url
                }
                url
              }
            }
          }
        }
      }
    `;

    const response = await fetch('https://gql.hashnode.com', {
      method: 'POST',
      headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
      body: JSON.stringify({ query })
    });

    const { data } = await response.json();

    return data.publication.posts.edges.map((edge: HashnodeEdge) => ({
      title: edge.node.title,
      brief: edge.node.brief,
      slug: edge.node.slug,
      dateAdded: formatDate(edge.node.dateAdded),
      rawDate: edge.node.dateAdded,
      coverImage: edge.node.coverImage?.url || '/images/default-post.png',
      url: edge.node.url,
      source: 'hashnode'
    }));
  } catch (error) {
    console.error('Error al obtener posts de Hashnode:', error);
    return [];
  }
}

Combinando los Resultados

La magia ocurre al combinar y ordenar los posts:

const hashnodePosts = await getHashnodePosts();
const devtoPosts = await getDevToPosts();

const allBlogPosts = [...hashnodePosts, ...devtoPosts]
  .sort((a, b) => new Date(b.rawDate).getTime() - new Date(a.rawDate).getTime());

Manejo de Errores y Rate Limiting

Para manejar el rate limiting y errores, implementé estas estrategias:

Caché del lado del cliente:

const CACHE_DURATION = 5 * 60 * 1000; // 5 minutos
let postsCache = {
  data: null,
  timestamp: 0
};

async function getAllPosts() {
  const now = Date.now();
  if (postsCache.data && (now - postsCache.timestamp) < CACHE_DURATION) {
    return postsCache.data;
  }

  // Obtener y combinar posts...

  postsCache = {
    data: allBlogPosts,
    timestamp: now
  };
  return allBlogPosts;
}

Reintentos con backoff exponencial:

async function fetchWithRetry(url: string, options: any, retries = 3) {
  for (let i = 0; i < retries; i++) {
    try {
      const response = await fetch(url, options);
      if (response.status === 429) { // Rate limit
        const retryAfter = response.headers.get('Retry-After') || '60';
        await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, parseInt(retryAfter) * 1000));
        continue;
      }
      return response;
    } catch (error) {
      if (i === retries - 1) throw error;
      await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, Math.pow(2, i) * 1000));
    }
  }
}

Renderizado en Astro

Finalmente, renderizamos los posts en nuestro componente Astro:

---
const allBlogPosts = await getAllPosts();
---

<div class="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 lg:grid-cols-3 gap-6">
  {allBlogPosts.map((post) => (
    <article class="card">
      <img src={post.coverImage} alt={post.title} />
      <div class="p-4">
        <span class={`badge ${post.source}`}>
          {post.source === 'devto' ? 'Dev.to' : 'Hashnode'}
        </span>
        <h2>{post.title}</h2>
        <p>{post.brief}</p>
        <a href={post.url}>Leer más</a>
      </div>
    </article>
  ))}
</div>

Esta integración nos permite: